List of all Articles (1-395 )

PREAMBLE

WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN, SOCIALIST, SECULAR, DEMOCRATIC, REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens:
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation;
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.

PART I: THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY

1 - Name and territory of the Union.
2 - Admission or establishment of new States.
2A - [Repealed.]
3 - Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States.
4 - Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters.

PART II: CITIZENSHIP

5 - Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.
6 - Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan.
7 - Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan.
8 - Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India.
9 - Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens.
10 - Continuance of the rights of citizenship.
11 - Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.

PART III : FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

General
12 - Definition.
13 - Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights.
Right to Equality
14 - Equality before law.
15 - Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
16 - Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
17 - Abolition of Untouchability.
18 - Abolition of titles.
Right to Freedom
19 - Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.
20 - Protection in respect of conviction for offences.
21 - Protection of life and personal liberty.
21A - Right to education
22 - Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
Right against Exploitation
23 - Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
24 - Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.
Right to Freedom of Religion
25 - Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
26 - Freedom to manage religious affairs.
27 - Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
28 - Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions.
Cultural and Educational Rights
29 - Protection of interests of minorities.
30 - Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
31 - [Repealed.]
Saving of Certain Laws
31A - Saving of Laws providing for the acquisition of estates, etc.
31B - Validation of certain Acts and Regulations.
31C - Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles.
31D - [Repealed.]
Right to Constitutional Remedies
32 - Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part.
32A - [Repealed.]
33 - Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc.
34 - Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area.
35 - Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part.

PART IV: DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY

36 - Definition.
37 - Application of the principles contained in this Part.
38 - State to secure a social order for the promotion of the welfare of the people.
39 - Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State.
39A - Equal justice and free legal aid.
40 - The organisation of village panchayats.
41 - Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases.
42 - Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.
43 - Living wage, etc., for workers.
43A - Participation of workers in the management of industries.
43B - Promotion of co-operative societies.
44 - Uniform civil code for the citizens.
45 - Provision for free and compulsory education for children.
46 - Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections.
47 - Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.
48 - The organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry.
48A - Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife.
49 - Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance.
50 - Separation of judiciary from the executive.
51 - Promotion of international peace and security.

PART IVA: FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES

51A - Fundamental duties.

PART V: THE UNION

CHAPTER I: THE EXECUTIVE

The President and Vice-President
52 - The President of India.
53 - The executive power of the Union.
54 - Election of President.
55 - Manner of election of President.
56 - Term of office of President.
57 - Eligibility for re-election.
58 - Qualifications for election as President.
59 - Conditions of the President’s office.
60 - Oath or affirmation by the President.
61 - Procedure for impeachment of the President.
62 - Time of holding the election to fill the vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill the casual vacancy.
63 - The Vice-President of India.
64 - The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States.
65 - The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President.
66 - Election of Vice-President.
67 - Term of office of Vice-President.
68 - Time of holding the election to fill the vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fill the casual vacancy.
69 - Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President.
70 - Discharge of President’s functions in other contingencies.
71 - Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President.
72 - Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.
73 - The extent of executive power of the Union.
Council of Ministers
74 - Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President.
75 - Other provisions as to Ministers.
The Attorney-General for India
76 - Attorney-General for India.
Conduct of Government Business
77 - Conduct of business of the Government of India.
78 - Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc.

CHAPTER II: PARLIAMENT 

General
79 - Constitution of Parliament.
80 - Composition of the Council of States.
81 - Composition of the House of the People.
82 - Readjustment after each census.
83 - Duration of Houses of Parliament.
84 - Qualification for membership of Parliament.
85 - Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution.
86 - Right of President to address and send messages to Houses.
87 - Special address by the President.
88 - Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses.
Officers of Parliament
89 - The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States.
90 - Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman.
91 - Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.
92 - The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
93 - The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People .
94 - Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
95 - Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker.
96 - The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
97 - Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
98 - Secretariat of Parliament.
Conduct of Business
99 - Oath or affirmation by members.
100 - Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum.
Disqualifications of Members
101 - Vacation of seats.
102 - Disqualifications for membership.
103 - Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.
104 - Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified.
Powers, Privileges and Immunities of Parliament and its Members
105 - Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof.
106 - Salaries and allowances of members.
Legislative Procedure
107 - Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.
108 - Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases.
109 - Special procedure in respect of Money Bills.
110 - Definition of “Money Bills”.
111 - Assent to Bills.
Procedure in Financial Matters
112 - Annual financial statement.
113 - Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates.
114 - Appropriation Bills.
115 - Supplementary, additional or excess grants.
116 - Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.
117 - Special provisions as to financial Bills.
Procedure Generally
118 - Rules of procedure.
119 - Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business.
120 - Language to be used in Parliament.
121 - Restriction on discussion in Parliament.
122 - Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament.

CHAPTER III: LEGISLATIVE POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT

123 - Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament.

CHAPTER IV: THE UNION JUDICIARY

124 - Establishment and constitution of Supreme Court.
124A - National Judicial Appointments Commission. (Declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, however not repealed by the Parliament)
124B - Functions of Commission.
124C - Power of Parliament to make law.
125 - Salaries, etc., of Judges.
126 - Appointment of acting Chief Justice.
127 - Appointment of ad hoc judges.
128 - Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court.
129 - Supreme Court to be a court of record.
130 - Seat of Supreme Court.
131 - Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
131A - [Repealed.]
132 - Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases.
133 - Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to Civil matters.
134 - Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters.
134A - Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court.
135 - Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court.
136 - Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court.
137 - Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court.
138 - Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
139 - Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs.
139A - Transfer of certain cases.
140 - Ancillary powers of Supreme Court.
141 - Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts.
142 - Enforcement of decrees and orders of Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc.
143 - Power of President to consult Supreme Court.
144 - Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court.
144A - [Repealed.]
145 - Rules of Court, etc.
146 - Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court.
147 - Interpretation.

CHAPTER V: COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL OF INDIA

148 - Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
149 - Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
150 - Form of accounts of the Union and of the States.
151 - Audit reports.

PART VI: THE STATES

CHAPTER I: GENERAL

152 - Definition.

CHAPTER II: THE EXECUTIVE

The Governor
153 - Governors of States.
154 - Executive power of State.
155 - Appointment of Governor.
156 - Term of office of Governor.
157 - Qualifications for appointment as Governor.
158 - Conditions of Governor’s office
159 - Oath or affirmation by the Governor.
160 - Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies.
161 - Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.
162 - Extent of executive power of State.
Council of Ministers
163 - Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor.
164 - Other provisions as to Ministers.
The Advocate-General for the State
165 - Advocate-General for the State.
Conduct of Government Business
166 - Conduct of business of the Government of a State.
167 - Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc.

CHAPTER III: THE STATE LEGISLATURE

General
168 - Constitution of Legislatures in States.
169 - Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States.
170 - Composition of the Legislative Assemblies.
171 - Composition of the Legislative Councils.
172 - Duration of State Legislatures.
173 - Qualification for membership of the State Legislature.
174 - Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution.
175 - Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses.
176 - Special address by the Governor.
177 - Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the Houses.
Officers of the State Legislature
178 - The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.
179 - Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
180 - Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker.
181 - The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
182 - The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council.
183 - Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Chairman and Deputy Chairman.
184 - Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.
185 - The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
186 - Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker and the Chairman and Deputy Chairman.
187 - Secretariat of State Legislature.
Conduct of Business
188 - Oath or affirmation by members.
189 - Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum.
Disqualifications of Members
190 - Vacation of seats.
191 - Disqualifications for membership.
192 - Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.
193 - Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 188 - or when not qualified or when disqualified.
Powers, privileges and immunities of State Legislatures and their Members
194 - Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof.
195 - Salaries and allowances of members.
Legislative Procedure
196 - Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.
197 - Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills.
198 - Special procedure in respect of Money Bills.
199 - Definition of “Money Bills”.
200 - Assent to Bills.
201 - Bills reserved for consideration.
Procedure in Financial Matters
202 - Annual financial statement.
203 - Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates.
204 - Appropriation Bills.
205 - Supplementary, additional or excess grants.
206 - Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.
207 - Special provisions as to financial Bills.
Procedure Generally
208 - Rules of procedure.
209 - Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of the State in relation to financial business.
210 - Language to be used in the Legislature.
211 - Restriction on discussion in the Legislature.
212 - Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature.

CHAPTER IV : LEGISLATIVE POWER OF THE GOVERNOR

213 - Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature.

CHAPTER V: THE HIGH COURTS IN THE STATES

214 - High Courts for States.
215 - High Courts to be courts of record.
216 - Constitution of High Courts.
217 - Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court.
218 - Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High Courts.
219 - Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts.
220 - Restriction on practice after being a permanent Judge.
221 - Salaries, etc., of Judges.
222 - Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another.
223 - Appointment of acting Chief Justice.
224 - Appointment of additional and acting Judges.
224A-  Appointment of retired Judges at sittings of High Courts.
225 - Jurisdiction of existing High Courts.
226 - Power of High Courts to issue certain writs.
226A - [Repealed..]
227 - Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court.
228 - Transfer of certain cases to High Court.
228A - [Repealed.]
229 - Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts.
230 - Extension of jurisdiction of High Courts to Union territories.
231 - Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States.

CHAPTER VI : SUBORDINATE COURTS

233 - Appointment of district judges.
233A - Validation of appointments of, and judgments, etc., delivered by, certain district judges.
234 - Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial service.
235 - Control over subordinate courts.
236 - Interpretation.
237 - Application of the provisions of this Chapter to certain class or classes of magistrates.

PART VII: THE STATES IN PART B OF THE FIRST SCHEDULE

238 - [Repealed.]

PART VIII: THE UNION TERRITORIES

239 - Administration of Union territories.
239A - Creation of local Legislatures or Council of Ministers or both for certain Union territories.
239AA - Special provisions with respect to Delhi.
239AB - Provision in case of failure of constitutional machinery.
239B - Power of the administrator to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature.
240 - Power of President to make regulations for certain Union territories.
241 - High Courts for Union territories.
242 - [Repealed.]

PART IX: THE PANCHAYATS

243 - Definitions.
243A - Gram Sabha.
243B - Constitution of Panchayats.
243C - Composition of Panchayats.
243D - Reservation of seats.
243E - Duration of Panchayats, etc.
243F - Disqualifications for membership.
243G - Powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats.
243H - Powers to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Panchayats.
243-I - Constitution of Finance Commission to review financial position.
243J - Audit of accounts of Panchayats.
243K - Elections to the Panchayats.
243L - Application to Union territories.
243M - Part not to apply to certain areas.
243N - Continuance of existing laws and Panchayats.
243-O - Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters.

PART IXA: THE MUNICIPALITIES

243P - Definitions.
243Q - Constitution of Municipalities.
243R - Composition of Municipalities.
243S - Constitution and composition of Wards Committees, etc.
243T - Reservation of seats.
243U - Duration of Municipalities, etc.
243V - Disqualifications for membership.
243W - Powers, authority and responsibilities of Municipalities, etc.
243X - Power to impose taxes by, and Funds of, the Municipalities.
243Y - Finance Commission.
243Z - Audit of accounts of Municipalities.
243ZA - Elections to the Municipalities.
243ZB - Application to Union territories.
243ZC - Part not to apply to certain areas.
243ZD - Committee for district planning.
243ZE - Committee for Metropolitan planning.
243ZF - Continuance of existing laws and Municipalities.
243ZG - Bar to interference by Courts in electoral matters.

PART IXB: THE CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES

243ZH - Definitions
243ZI - Incorporation of co-operative societies
243ZJ - Number and term of members of the board and its office bearers.
243ZK - Election of members of board.
243ZL - Supersession and suspension of the board and interim management.
243ZM - Audit of accounts of co-operative societies.
243ZN - Convening of general body meetings.
243ZO - Right of a member to get information,
243ZP - Returns.
243ZQ - Offences and penalties.
243ZR - Application to multi-state co-operative societies.
243ZS - Application to Union Territories.
243ZT - Continuance of existing laws.

PART X: THE SCHEDULED AND TRIBAL AREAS

244 - Administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas.
244A - Formation of an autonomous State comprising certain tribal areas in Assam and creation of local Legislature or Council of Ministers or both therefor.

PART XI: RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES

CHAPTER I: LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS

Distribution of Legislative Powers

245 - Extent of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.
246 - Subject-matter of laws made by Parliament and by the Legislatures of States.
246A - Special provision with respect to goods and services tax.
247 - Power of Parliament to provide for the establishment of certain additional courts.
248 - Residuary powers of legislation.
249 - Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest.
250 - Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to any matter in the State List if a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
251 I- nconsistency between laws made by Parliament under articles 249 and 250 and laws made by the Legislatures of States.
252 - Power of Parliament to legislate for two or more States by consent and adoption of such legislation by any other State.
253 - Legislation for giving effect to international agreements.
254 Inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and laws made by the Legislatures of States.
255 - Requirements as to recommendations and previous sanctions to be regarded as matters of procedure only.

CHAPTER II : ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONS

General

256 - Obligation of States and the Union.
257 - Control of the Union over States in certain cases.
257A - [Repealed.]
258 - Power of the Union to confer powers, etc., on States in certain cases.
258A - Power of the States to entrust functions to the Union.
259 - [Repealed.]
260 - Jurisdiction of the Union in relation to territories outside India.
261 - Public acts, records and judicial proceedings.
Disputes relating to Waters
262 - Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys.
Co-ordination between States
263 - Provisions with respect to an inter-State Council.

PART XII: FINANCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS AND SUITS

CHAPTER I: FINANCE

General
264 - Interpretation.
265 - Taxes not to be imposed save by authority of law.
266 - Consolidated Funds and public accounts of India and of the States.
267 - Contingency Fund.
Distribution of Revenues between the Union and the States
268 - Duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the State.
268A - [Repealed.]
269 - Taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to the States.
269A - Levy and collection of goods and services tax in the course of inter-state trade or commerce.
270 - Taxes levied and distributed between the Union and the States.
271 - Surcharge on certain duties and taxes for purposes of the Union.
272 - [Repealed.]
273 - Grants in lieu of export duty on jute and jute products.
274 - Prior recommendation of President required to Bills affecting taxation in which States are interested.
275 - Grants from the Union to certain States.
276 - Taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments.
277 - Savings.
278 - [Repealed.]
279 - Calculation of “net proceeds”, etc.
279A - Goods and Services Tax Council.
280 - Finance Commission.
281 - Recommendations of the Finance Commission.
Miscellaneous financial provisions
282 - Expenditure defrayable by the Union or a State out of its revenues.
283 - Custody, etc., of Consolidated Funds, Contingency Funds and moneys credited to the public accounts.
284 - Custody of suitors’ deposits and other moneys received by public servants and courts.
285 - Exemption of property of the Union from State taxation.
286 - Restrictions as to imposition of tax on the sale or purchase of goods.
287 - Exemption from taxes on electricity.
288 - Exemption from taxation by States in respect of water or electricity in certain cases.
289 - Exemption of property and income of a State from Union taxation.
290 - Adjustment in respect of certain expenses and pensions.
290A - Annual payment to certain Devaswom Funds.
291 - [Repealed.]

CHAPTER II: BORROWING

292 - Borrowing by the Government of India.
293 - Borrowing by States.

CHAPTER III: PROPERTY, CONTRACTS, RIGHTS, LIABILITIES, OBLIGATIONS AND SUITS

294 - Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in certain cases.
295 - Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in other cases.
296 - Property accruing by escheat or laps or as bona vacantia.
297 - Things of value within territorial waters or continental shelf and resources of the exclusive economic zone to vest in the Union.
298 - Power to carry on trade, etc.
299 - Contracts.
300 - Suits and proceedings.

CHAPTER IV: RIGHT TO PROPERTY

300A - Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law.

PART XIII: TRADE, COMMERCE AND INTERCOURSE WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF INDIA

301 - Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse.
302 - Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse.
303 - Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce.
304 - Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States.
305 - Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies.
306 - [Repealed.]
307 - Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304.

PART XIV: SERVICES UNDER THE UNION AND THE STATES

CHAPTER I: SERVICES

308 - Interpretation.
309 - Recruitment and conditions of service of persons serving the Union or a State.
310 - Tenure of office of persons serving the Union or a State.
311 - Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State.
312 - All-India services.
312A - Power of Parliament to vary or revoke conditions of service of officers of certain services.
313 - Transitional provisions.
314 - [Repeated.]

CHAPTER II: PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSIONS

315 - Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States.
316 - Appointment and term of office of members.
317 - Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission.
318 - Power to make regulations as to conditions of service of members and staff of the Commission.
319 - Prohibition as to the holding of offices by members of Commission on ceasing to be such members.
320 - Functions of Public Service Commissions.
321 - Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions.
322 - Expenses of Public Service Commissions.
323 - Reports of Public Service Commissions.

PART XIVA: TRIBUNALS

323A - Administrative tribunals.
323B - Tribunals for other matters.

PART XV: ELECTIONS

324 - Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission.
325 - No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex.
326 - Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage.
327 - Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures.
328 - Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature.
329 - Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters.
329A - [Repealed.]

PART XVI: SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CERTAIN CLASSES

330 - Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People.
331 - Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the House of the People.
332 - Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
333 - Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
334 - Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after sixty years.
335 - Claims of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts.
336 - Special provision for Anglo-Indian community in certain services.
337 - Special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of the Anglo-Indian Community.
338 - National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
338A - National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
338A - National Commission for Backward Classes.
339 - Control of the Union over the Administration of Scheduled Areas and the welfare of Scheduled Tribes.
340 - Appointment of a Commission to investigate the conditions of backward classes.
341 - Scheduled Castes.
342 Scheduled Tribes.
342A Socially and educationally backward classes.

PART XVII: OFFICIAL LANGUAGE

CHAPTER I: LANGUAGE OF THE UNION

343 - Official language of the Union.
344 - Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language.

CHAPTER II: REGIONAL LANGUAGES

345 - Official language or languages of a State.
346 - Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union.
347 - Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State.

CHAPTER III: LANGUAGE OF THE SUPREME COURT, HIGH COURTS, ETC.

348 - Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, etc.
349 - Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language.

CHAPTER IV: SPECIAL DIRECTIVES

350 - Language to be used in representations for redress of grievances.
350A - Facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at the primary stage.
350B - Special Officer for linguistic minorities.
351 - Directive for development of the Hindi language.

PART XVIII: EMERGENCY PROVISIONS

352 - Proclamation of Emergency.
353 - Effect of Proclamation of Emergency.
354 - Application of provisions relating to distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
355 - Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance.
356 - Provisions in case of failure of constitutional machinery in States.
357 - Exercise of legislative powers under Proclamation issued under article 356.
358 - Suspension of provisions of article 19 during emergencies.
359 - Suspension of the enforcement of the rights conferred by Part III during emergencies.
359A - [Repealed.]
360 - Provisions as to financial emergency.

PART XIX: MISCELLANEOUS

361 - Protection of President and Governors and Rajprakukhs.
361A - Protection of publication of proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures.
361B - Disqualification for appointment on remunerative political post.
362 - [Repealed.]
363 - Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc.
363A - Recognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished.
364 - Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes.
365 - Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union.
366 - Definitions.
367 - Interpretation.

PART XX: AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION

368 - Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor.

PART XXI: TEMPORARY, TRANSITIONAL AND SPECIAL PROVISIONS

369 - Temporary power to Parliament to make laws with respect to certain matters in the State List as if they were matters in the Concurrent List.
370 - Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir.
371 - Special provision with respect to the States of Maharashtra and Gujarat.
371A - Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland.
371B - Special provision with respect to the State of Assam.
371C - Special provision with respect to the State of Manipur.
371D - Special provisions with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh.
371E - Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh.
371F - Special provisions with respect to the State of Sikkim.
371G - Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram.
371H - Special provision with respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh.
371-I - Special provision with respect to the State of Goa.
371J - Special provision with respect to the State of Karnataka.
372 - Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation.
372A - Power of the President to adapt laws.
373 - Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention in certain cases.
374 - Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Council.
375 - Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution.
376 - Provisions as to Judges of High Courts.
377 - Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
378 - Provisions as to Public Service Commissions.
378A - Special provision as to the duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
379-391 - [Repealed.]
392 - Power of the President to remove difficulties.

PART XXII: SHORT TITLE, COMMENCEMENT, AUTHORITATIVE TEXT IN HINDI AND REPEALS

393 - Short title.
394 - Commencement.
394A - Authoritative text in the Hindi language.
395 - Repeals.